The San Pedro River is last undammed, free-flowing river in the Southwest. It sustains one of the most biodiverse ecosystems the United States and provides wildlife with critically important habitat. Millions of birds use it as a migratory pathway every year. Groundwater pumping in the Upper San Pedro River basin is depleting the aquifer and reducing base flow along the river. If the current trends of unsustainable groundwater pumping continue, the river will die.